[00:00.000]Wir alle gehören außerhalb. Wir sind von der Natur enttäuscht.
[00:03.000]Ob es die enttäuschenden Geräusche des Ozeans,
[00:06.000]oder die Succulenzen, die unsere Heimat entdecken.
[00:09.000]Die Natur macht all unsere Leben, naja, besser.
[00:12.000]Obwohl wir all das tun, gehen wir oft um unsere armen Leben,
[00:15.000]die von uns aus verletzt werden.
[00:17.000]Aber das Ausland ist näher, als wir es realisieren.
[00:20.000]Mit allen Reisen kannst du die Reise nahe entdecken
[00:23.000]und mit Offline-Maps und On-Trail-Navigation
[00:57.000]aufsteigen.
[00:58.000]Das ist ein kontaktloses Symbol, und alles, was es braucht,
[01:01.000]ist ein Tappen mit deinem iPhone oder Apple Watch.
[01:04.000]Und es ist nicht nur komfortabel.
[01:06.000]Apple Pay ist gemacht, um sich sicher zu sein.
[01:08.000]Face ID ist wie ein Sicherheitscheck für jede Reise,
[01:11.000]sodass du keine Überraschungen übernehmen musst.
[01:14.000]Und das Beste ist, du wirst immer noch die Reisen,
[01:17.000]Punkte und Cashback, die du liebst, gewinnen.
[01:19.000]Also, setz dich jetzt auf Apple Pay und genießt
[01:22.000]schmalere, schmalere Reisen später.
[01:24.000]Apple Pay ist ein Service,
[01:26.000]das von Apple Payment Services LLC,
[01:28.000]ein Subsidiary von Apple Inc. verwendet ist.
[01:30.000]Jede Karte, die in Apple Pay genutzt wird,
[01:32.000]wird von der Karte ausgesucht.
[01:33.000]Terms apply.
[01:40.000]Hallo und herzlich willkommen zu Coffee Break German.
[01:43.000]Willkommen zu der Coffee Break German Show.
[01:45.000]Ich bin Marc.
[01:46.000]Ich bin Thomas.
[01:47.000]Wie geht's dir, Thomas?
[01:48.000]Gut, eigentlich wie immer. Danke. Und dir?
[01:51.000]Ja, heute geht's mir nicht so gut.
[01:54.000]Oh nein, das ist schade. Was ist los?
[01:57.000]Ja, ich bin müde. Mein Kopf tut mir weh.
[02:01.000]Ich weiß, was hilft.
[02:03.000]Ein bisschen Deutsch.
[02:04.000]Ein bisschen Deutsch, natürlich.
[02:06.000]In these weekly episodes,
[02:07.000]we're giving you ein bisschen Deutsch.
[02:09.000]We're teaching you a little German
[02:11.000]to help you take your German forward
[02:13.000]one Coffee Break at a time.
[02:15.000]Ganz genau.
[02:16.000]Please remember to subscribe to this podcast,
[02:18.000]wherever you get your podcasts from
[02:20.000]and if you're actually watching this as a video,
[02:22.000]please also follow our YouTube channel.
[02:24.000]Also Thomas, was lernen wir heute?
[02:26.000]Wir lernen, wie ein Deutsch Muttersprachler zu reden.
[02:31.000]We're learning how to speak like a native German speaker.
[02:34.000]Ja.
[02:35.000]That sounds like a great idea.
[02:36.000]Los geht's.
[02:37.000]So in what context are we learning?
[02:40.000]I know, it was quite a big promise.
[02:42.000]A big promise.
[02:43.000]We're going to be speaking like native speakers
[02:44.000]by the end of this.
[02:45.000]What's the particular context here?
[02:47.000]So we're looking at spoken German
[02:50.000]in the past tense.
[02:52.000]And lots of people might notice already,
[02:55.000]others don't.
[02:56.000]So we're looking at spoken German
[03:00.000]in the past tense.
[03:02.000]And lots of people might notice already,
[03:05.000]others don't know,
[03:06.000]but if we speak German
[03:08.000]and we're referring to things in the past,
[03:10.000]we normally use the perfect tense.
[03:12.000]So ich habe angefangen
[03:14.000]oder ich bin geschwommen.
[03:16.000]Yeah.
[03:17.000]So just thinking about tenses in general
[03:19.000]and looking at what this means.
[03:20.000]So tenses are used for talking at different times.
[03:23.000]We use the present tense for talking in the present.
[03:26.000]And we use a particular past tense in the past.
[03:29.000]But there's not just a past tense in German.
[03:32.000]We've got different past tenses.
[03:33.000]Genau.
[03:34.000]We've got the perfect.
[03:35.000]And then we've got this other one
[03:36.000]called the Priteritum.
[03:37.000]Yeah, Priteritum or imperfect.
[03:39.000]And we see that a lot in written German.
[03:43.000]But there are some verbs
[03:45.000]that we also use in the preterite or imperfect tense
[03:48.000]when we use spoken German.
[03:50.000]And these are the ones we're looking at today.
[03:53.000]So we generally can remember
[03:54.000]if we speak in spoken German,
[03:56.000]we're talking about things in the past,
[03:57.000]we use the perfect tense,
[03:59.000]apart from these couple of verbs
[04:01.000]that we're looking at today.
[04:02.000]And that will really help you sound like a native
[04:05.000]because they are verbs
[04:06.000]that a native would always use in the preterite.
[04:08.000]Okay, that all makes sense.
[04:10.000]So let's look at our first example here.
[04:13.000]Probably the biggest one
[04:14.000]and the most common one is sein or the past, war.
[04:18.000]So to be or was.
[04:20.000]Was, right.
[04:21.000]So let's hear an example.
[04:22.000]Gestern war sie im Museum
[04:25.000]und hat sich die neue Ausstellung angeschaut.
[04:29.000]So gestern, yesterday war sie im Museum.
[04:32.000]She was in the Museum.
[04:34.000]Und hat sich die neue Ausstellung angeschaut.
[04:37.000]So and she saw the new exhibition.
[04:40.000]Ja, perfekt.
[04:41.000]So we're using war sie.
[04:43.000]If this were the perfect tense,
[04:47.000]would that be gestern ist sie im Museum gewesen?
[04:54.000]Genau.
[04:55.000]So if you use the perfect tense of sein,
[04:57.000]it would be ist gewesen.
[04:59.000]However, it sounds, it's lengthy, it sounds complicated.
[05:03.000]And a native speaker wouldn't use it
[05:05.000]in spoken German.
[05:06.000]And let's face it, war is much, much easier.
[05:09.000]So yesterday she was in the Museum.
[05:12.000]Sie war im Museum.
[05:14.000]Genau.
[05:15.000]It's also if we see later in the sentence,
[05:17.000]we actually use the perfect tense
[05:18.000]because we say hat angeschaut.
[05:20.000]So here we use the perfect
[05:22.000]and we would use it with other verbs
[05:24.000]in the sentence as well.
[05:25.000]And of course we have sein, war,
[05:27.000]that we use in the different tense,
[05:29.000]we use in the preterite.
[05:30.000]Okay.
[05:31.000]I mean, I think in terms of forming
[05:33.000]the preterite or the preteritium,
[05:35.000]we've looked at that in Coffee Break German
[05:37.000]season three a little
[05:39.000]and we've looked at it in other courses.
[05:41.000]It's a little bit tricky with the irregulars,
[05:44.000]not so much with the regular verbs,
[05:47.000]but I think the most important thing here
[05:50.000]is this idea that when we're speaking,
[05:52.000]we're typically using the perfect tense,
[05:54.000]but normally it's a little easier to form
[05:57.000]unless we're going to be talking about
[05:59.000]these specific verbs that we're using today.
[06:01.000]Genau.
[06:02.000]So today it's just identifying
[06:03.000]these couple of words
[06:04.000]and they are pretty common ones,
[06:05.000]so you've probably heard them already
[06:07.000]actually used in the preterite.
[06:08.000]And that goes for this next one,
[06:10.000]so haben.
[06:11.000]Ganz genau.
[06:12.000]So for example,
[06:13.000]we only say,
[06:14.000]wir hatten leider kein gutes Wetter
[06:16.000]und haben die meiste Zeit im Hotel verbracht.
[06:19.000]Right.
[06:20.000]So again,
[06:21.000]we've got a nice balance there
[06:22.000]because the first sentence
[06:23.000]the first part of the sentence
[06:24.000]uses that preteritum.
[06:26.000]Genau.
[06:27.000]Wir hatten leider kein gutes Wetter.
[06:29.000]So unfortunately,
[06:31.000]we had no good weather.
[06:33.000]We didn't have any good weather.
[06:35.000]Und haben die meiste Zeit im Hotel verbracht.
[06:39.000]And we have literally
[06:42.000]the most time in hotel spent.
[06:45.000]Exactly.
[06:46.000]And we spent most of the time in the hotel.
[06:47.000]Genau.
[06:48.000]So so far,
[06:49.000]wir haben sein and haben
[06:50.000]they are two of the biggest ones
[06:51.000]that we always use in the preterite.
[06:52.000]Another one is wissen,
[06:54.000]to know.
[06:55.000]Okay.
[06:56.000]And if you form a sentence with that,
[06:57.000]we could for example say,
[06:58.000]ich wusste nicht,
[06:59.000]was ich machen sollte,
[07:01.000]for example.
[07:02.000]Ich wusste nicht,
[07:03.000]was ich machen sollte.
[07:04.000]I didn't know what I should do.
[07:09.000]Yeah, or should have done.
[07:10.000]Should have done.
[07:11.000]Okay.
[07:12.000]So so what would it be
[07:14.000]if it were in the perfect tense?
[07:15.000]Ich habe nicht gewusst.
[07:17.000]Ich habe nicht gewusst.
[07:18.000]Okay.
[07:19.000]Okay.
[07:20.000]And then ich wusste,
[07:21.000]just sounds more natural.
[07:22.000]Ganz genau.
[07:23.000]Okay.
[07:24.000]Ich wusste nicht,
[07:25.000]was ich machen sollte.
[07:27.000]Okay.
[07:28.000]Good.
[07:29.000]There is one big category
[07:30.000]and that is the modal verbs
[07:32.000]that you would always use
[07:33.000]in the preterite.
[07:34.000]So that's our
[07:35.000]können,
[07:36.000]müssen,
[07:37.000]sollen,
[07:38.000]wollen,
[07:39.000]mögen,
[07:40.000]dürfen.
[07:41.000]Exactly.
[07:42.000]So these modal verbs
[07:43.000]and these are the ones
[07:44.000]that always combine with another verb.
[07:45.000]Like I had to do something,
[07:46.000]I wanted to do something
[07:47.000]and so on.
[07:48.000]Ganz genau.
[07:49.000]I think again,
[07:50.000]these are going to seem quite familiar.
[07:52.000]Yeah.
[07:53.000]You've seen them before,
[07:54.000]you've heard them before.
[07:55.000]To give you one example,
[07:56.000]for example,
[07:57.000]with müssen
[07:58.000]in the preterite
[07:59.000]it would be
[08:00.000]Du musstest
[08:01.000]nur den Knopf drücken.
[08:03.000]So you only had to press the button.
[08:06.000]Genau.
[08:07.000]Okay.
[08:08.000]Du musstest
[08:09.000]nur den Knopf drücken.
[08:11.000]Perfect.
[08:12.000]Or another big one
[08:13.000]is the können one.
[08:14.000]So to be able to
[08:15.000]and we could say
[08:16.000]Sie konnten gestern nicht kommen,
[08:19.000]obwohl sie wollten.
[08:21.000]Right.
[08:22.000]So sie konnten gestern nicht kommen.
[08:24.000]So she couldn't come yesterday.
[08:27.000]They couldn't come.
[08:29.000]Sie konnten.
[08:30.000]Sie konnten,
[08:31.000]sorry.
[08:32.000]Sie konnten gestern nicht kommen.
[08:34.000]They couldn't come yesterday,
[08:35.000]obwohl sie wollten.
[08:37.000]Even though they wanted to.
[08:39.000]Genau.
[08:40.000]And there we have our
[08:41.000]wollten,
[08:42.000]which is our preterite of
[08:43.000]wollen.
[08:44.000]So let's just go through
[08:45.000]the modal verbs there.
[08:46.000]We've got wollen,
[08:47.000]which becomes
[08:48.000]wollten
[08:49.000]in the preterite.
[08:50.000]Können becomes
[08:53.000]konnten.
[08:54.000]Genau.
[08:55.000]Müssen becomes
[08:57.000]mussten.
[08:58.000]So we lose the umlaut there,
[08:59.000]don't we?
[09:00.000]Yeah.
[09:01.000]So müssen becomes
[09:02.000]mussten.
[09:03.000]Then dürfen.
[09:04.000]Dürften.
[09:05.000]Is there an umlaut there?
[09:06.000]Nope.
[09:07.000]Okay.
[09:08.000]Dürften.
[09:09.000]And what are we missing?
[09:10.000]We have
[09:11.000]mögen,
[09:12.000]which was then
[09:13.000]mochten.
[09:14.000]So that's not like
[09:15.000]möchten,
[09:16.000]because we're very used to
[09:17.000]saying ich möchte
[09:18.000]and so on.
[09:19.000]But that's mochten
[09:20.000]in the preterite.
[09:21.000]Exactly.
[09:22.000]Möchten would be
[09:23.000]the subjunctive.
[09:24.000]So I would like.
[09:25.000]But mochten,
[09:26.000]with no umlaut,
[09:27.000]is like I liked.
[09:28.000]Ich mochte das
[09:29.000]essen gestern.
[09:30.000]Yeah.
[09:31.000]I liked the food yesterday.
[09:32.000]Genau.
[09:33.000]Good.
[09:34.000]Okay.
[09:35.000]Anything else that we need
[09:36.000]to think about?
[09:37.000]Yes, a couple of others,
[09:38.000]but more like in a specific
[09:39.000]context.
[09:40.000]So for example,
[09:41.000]we have geben
[09:42.000]and we have that
[09:43.000]we say in German,
[09:44.000]es gibt.
[09:45.000]Es gibt.
[09:46.000]So like there is.
[09:47.000]If we use that
[09:48.000]expression es gibt in the past,
[09:49.000]we would also always
[09:50.000]use the preterite.
[09:51.000]So we say
[09:52.000]es gab.
[09:53.000]Es gab.
[09:54.000]Yeah.
[09:55.000]Because es hat
[09:56.000]gegeben
[09:57.000]or something weird like that.
[09:58.000]Yeah.
[09:59.000]Again, makes it very long
[10:00.000]and very clunky to use.
[10:02.000]Okay.
[10:03.000]So if we, for example,
[10:04.000]if we talk about like
[10:05.000]some food there was,
[10:06.000]when we say like
[10:07.000]Wir haben gestern
[10:08.000]meine Freunde besucht.
[10:09.000]Es gab Kuchen.
[10:11.000]So wir haben gestern
[10:12.000]meine Freunde besucht.
[10:14.000]We visited my friends
[10:16.000]yesterday.
[10:17.000]That's the perfect
[10:18.000]tense.
[10:19.000]Wir haben meine Freunde
[10:20.000]besucht.
[10:21.000]Genau.
[10:22.000]Und es gab Kuchen
[10:23.000]and there was cake.
[10:25.000]All was good
[10:26.000]when there was cake.
[10:27.000]And not uncommon.
[10:28.000]And it's
[10:29.000]interesting here.
[10:30.000]I think because
[10:31.000]if you're used to
[10:33.000]thinking about other
[10:34.000]languages and thinking
[10:35.000]about the sequence
[10:36.000]of verbs
[10:37.000]and tenses
[10:38.000]and so on,
[10:39.000]then you sometimes
[10:40.000]this feels a little
[10:41.000]odd
[10:42.000]to be using like
[10:43.000]an imperfect with a
[10:44.000]perfect.
[10:45.000]Yeah.
[10:46.000]And switch back between them.
[10:47.000]Yeah.
[10:48.000]But it's just that
[10:49.000]sounds more natural
[10:50.000]when we're using
[10:51.000]these particular
[10:52.000]verbs
[10:53.000]in the
[10:54.000]perfect or the
[10:55.000]proteritum
[10:56.000]in this situation.
[10:57.000]Yeah.
[10:58.000]Generally, I think the
[10:59.000]rules are more
[11:00.000]flexible in German.
[11:01.000]And here it's really,
[11:02.000]even if you would
[11:03.000]use the perfect
[11:04.000]for this
[11:05.000]it wouldn't be wrong.
[11:06.000]It's just about
[11:07.000]sounding more like
[11:08.000]a native
[11:09.000]Yeah.
[11:10.000]A little bit less
[11:11.000]clunky in this case.
[11:12.000]Anything else that
[11:13.000]we need to know?
[11:14.000]One last one.
[11:15.000]And again, it's more
[11:16.000]it's a set expression
[11:17.000]if something
[11:18.000]goes well
[11:19.000]or if something
[11:20.000]goes on for
[11:21.000]too long.
[11:22.000]In German you say
[11:23.000]etwas geht
[11:24.000]oder etwas läuft.
[11:25.000]So
[11:26.000]es läuft sehr gut
[11:27.000]or it's going
[11:28.000]really well.
[11:29.000]Yeah.
[11:30.000]And if you use
[11:31.000]that phrase in the
[11:32.000]past, you would
[11:33.000]also use
[11:34.000]the preterite.
[11:35.000]So it's like
[11:36.000]Oh, wie war das
[11:37.000]Training gestern?
[11:38.000]Well,
[11:39.000]so that's from
[11:40.000]laufen.
[11:41.000]Literally to run.
[11:42.000]Yeah.
[11:43.000]So as lief
[11:44.000]gut, it went well.
[11:45.000]As ging
[11:46.000]gut?
[11:47.000]Genau.
[11:48.000]That would be the
[11:49.000]other one.
[11:50.000]And if you were
[11:51.000]saying, you know,
[11:52.000]I went to the
[11:53.000]supermarket,
[11:54.000]would you be
[11:55.000]more likely to
[11:56.000]use ging
[11:57.000]as opposed to
[11:58.000]Ich bin
[11:59.000]gegangen?
[12:00.000]I think if I would,
[12:01.000]if I'm talking
[12:02.000]to someone,
[12:03.000]it's like,
[12:04.000]Oh, ich bin gestern
[12:05.000]noch in den Supermarkt
[12:06.000]gegangen.
[12:07.000]So I think
[12:08.000]it's more
[12:09.000]in that phrase
[12:10.000]as ging
[12:11.000]gut.
[12:12.000]Something going
[12:13.000]well, going on
[12:14.000]for too long,
[12:15.000]going not
[12:16.000]so well.
[12:17.000]Well, we're
[12:18.000]almost going on
[12:19.000]for too long
[12:20.000]about this.
[12:21.000]So perhaps it's
[12:22.000]time to summarize
[12:23.000]things.
[12:24.000]Sehr gute Idee.
[12:25.000]We've been looking
[12:26.000]at the situations
[12:27.000]in German
[12:28.000]where you use
[12:29.000]the preteritum
[12:30.000]more naturally
[12:31.000]in spoken
[12:32.000]German.
[12:33.000]And there are
[12:34.000]a series of
[12:35.000]verbs that
[12:36.000]became
[12:37.000]Ich war
[12:38.000]haben
[12:39.000]Ich hatte
[12:40.000]wissen
[12:41.000]Ich wusste
[12:42.000]Then the modal
[12:43.000]verbs, so
[12:44.000]müssen
[12:45.000]Genau.
[12:46.000]Ich musste
[12:47.000]können
[12:48.000]Ich konnte
[12:49.000]dürfen
[12:50.000]Ich durfte
[12:51.000]mögen
[12:52.000]Ich mochte
[12:53.000]What am I missing?
[12:54.000]Wollen
[12:55.000]Wollen, genau.
[12:56.000]Ich wollte.
[12:57.000]Sehr gut.
[12:58.000]Then we had
[12:59.000]es gibt
[13:00.000]changing to
[13:01.000]es gab
[13:02.000]So this is geben,
[13:03.000]but particularly that
[13:04.000]there is
[13:05.000]So there was
[13:06.000]es gab
[13:07.000]And then also
[13:08.000]when something
[13:09.000]went well
[13:10.000]using gehen
[13:11.000]Genau.
[13:12.000]And we could say
[13:13.000]es ging
[13:14.000]oder es lief
[13:15.000]and they're really interchangeable.
[13:16.000]So lief
[13:17.000]from laufen
[13:18.000]and ging
[13:19.000]from gehen.
[13:20.000]Genau.
[13:21.000]Perfekt.
[13:22.000]Sehr gut zusammengefasst.
[13:32.000]Also das war
[13:33.000]sehr interessant.
[13:34.000]Ja.
[13:35.000]Perfekt.
[13:36.000]Perfekt.
[13:37.000]Use of war.
[13:38.000]We hope that you enjoyed this
[13:39.000]and that this was useful
[13:40.000]to you in your
[13:41.000]German learning.
[13:42.000]Of course,
[13:43.000]if you'd like to see
[13:44.000]all of the examples
[13:45.000]and the information
[13:46.000]written down,
[13:47.000]then you can access
[13:48.000]our blog article.
[13:49.000]We will post a link
[13:50.000]in the description
[13:51.000]of this podcast
[13:52.000]to help you find it.
[13:53.000]Perfekt.
[13:54.000]And if you would like
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[14:06.000]Also Thomas,
[14:07.000]wie war's?
[14:08.000]Es lief super,
[14:09.000]würde ich sagen.
[14:10.000]That's it for today.
[14:11.000]Vielen Dank
[14:12.000]und bis zum nächsten Mal.
[14:13.000]Happy coffee breaking.
[14:28.000]You have been listening
[14:29.000]to a Coffee Break Languages
[14:30.000]production
[14:31.000]for the Radiolingua Network.
[14:32.000]Copyright 2024,
[14:33.000]Radiolingua Ltd.
[14:34.000]Recording Copyright 2024,
[14:35.000]Radiolingua Ltd.
[14:36.000]All rights reserved.
[15:02.000]The new Camry,
[15:03.000]Corolla
[15:04.000]or Corolla Cross.
[15:05.000]Time to save
[15:06.000]and experience
[15:07.000]new adventures
[15:08.000]in a versatile RAV4.
[15:09.000]But don't wait.
[15:10.000]Toyota's summer drive
[15:11.000]sales event
[15:12.000]ends soon.
[15:13.000]We make it easy.
[15:14.000]Toyota, let's go places.