[00:00.000]Avoiding your unfinished home projects because you're not sure where to start?
[00:03.280]Thumbtack knows home so you don't have to.
[00:05.280]Don't know the difference between matte paint finish and satin?
[00:08.080]Or what that clunking sound from your dryer is?
[00:10.560]With Thumbtack, you don't have to be a home pro.
[00:12.880]You just have to hire one.
[00:14.400]You can hire top rated pros, see price estimates and read reviews all on the app.
[00:19.040]Download today.
[00:24.080]This message is brought to you by Apple Pay.
[00:26.320]Whether you're buying Bratwurst at a street market in Berlin,
[00:29.200]booking a train ticket in Vienna or picking up some grammar flashcards online,
[00:33.200]Apple Pay makes it easy to pay, wherever your language learning takes you.
[00:36.960]You may be shopping for travel essentials, booking lessons or just grabbing a coffee on the go.
[00:42.080]But there's no need to dig for your wallet every time.
[00:44.560]Just use Apple Pay.
[00:45.920]It's accepted everywhere you see the contactless symbol
[00:48.480]and all it takes is a tap with your iPhone or Apple Watch.
[00:52.160]And it's not just convenient.
[00:53.760]Apple Pay is made to be secure.
[00:56.080]Face ID acts like a security check for every payment,
[00:58.800]so you don't have to worry about any surprise charges.
[01:01.840]And the best part is you'll still earn the card rewards, points and cash back you love.
[01:06.640]So set up Apple Pay now and enjoy smoother, smarter travels later.
[01:11.200]Add a card to wallet today and start paying the Apple way.
[01:15.280]Apple Pay is a service provided by Apple Payment Services LLC,
[01:18.720]a subsidiary of Apple Inc.
[01:20.640]Any card used in Apple Pay is offered by the card issuer.
[01:23.520]Terms apply.
[01:26.000]Hello und herzlich willkommen zu Coffee Break German.
[01:33.520]Welcome to the Coffee Break German Show.
[01:35.520]Ich bin Mark.
[01:36.480]Ich heiße Thomas.
[01:37.440]Wie geht's dir, Thomas?
[01:38.800]Sehr gut. Danke, Mark.
[01:40.000]Ich freue mich auf unsere zehn neuen Folgen.
[01:42.560]Ten new episodes in this new season of the Coffee Break German Show.
[01:46.160]And in these weekly episodes, we're helping you improve your German,
[01:49.680]build your German one Coffee Break at a time.
[01:53.040]Please remember to follow us and subscribe to our podcast,
[01:56.960]wherever you get your podcast from.
[01:58.720]Or if you're watching this as a video,
[02:00.560]please also subscribe to our YouTube channel.
[02:02.800]Okay, so in this series, Thomas is our German teacher.
[02:05.840]I am learning German along with you.
[02:07.680]So Thomas, was lernen wir heute?
[02:10.160]What are we learning today?
[02:11.440]Oh, wir sprechen über den Unterschied zwischen wo,
[02:15.360]wer und wohin, where to.
[02:17.840]So is it a location or a destination?
[02:20.720]Excellent. So, bist du bereit?
[02:22.960]Ich bin bereit.
[02:23.840]Los geht's.
[02:34.640]So, wo und wohin?
[02:37.600]Yes, and it determines actually quite a lot in German,
[02:40.240]because if you're talking about a location wo,
[02:43.520]you need to use the dative.
[02:45.120]Right.
[02:45.760]But if you're talking about a destination,
[02:47.520]a place where something or you are going to,
[02:50.320]you have to use the accusative.
[02:52.000]So, not all our learners will be at the same level.
[02:55.680]And if you're wondering what is the dative
[02:58.000]and what's the accusative,
[02:59.200]obviously we've got lots of episodes of Coffee Break German
[03:01.600]to help you on that with some basic introductions to cases.
[03:05.040]But cases are basically different ways
[03:08.000]of referring to nouns and articles and adjectives and so on.
[03:14.640]And they're dependent on certain things.
[03:17.200]Very, very well explained. Yes, Mark.
[03:19.360]So they can depend on what kind of verb you use.
[03:21.920]They can depend on a preposition that you use.
[03:24.640]But in this case we're talking about
[03:26.720]they depend on a location or a destination.
[03:29.360]And it's something that actually comes up a lot
[03:31.200]when you talk about German,
[03:32.240]because you're talking about places where you're going to.
[03:34.400]You're talking about places where you might meet people.
[03:36.960]So it's a very interesting
[03:38.720]and then a very, very important topic to talk about.
[03:41.280]Absolutely.
[03:42.560]I think possibly some contextualization,
[03:45.040]some examples will help us here.
[03:47.280]Yes, so very easy.
[03:48.640]If I ask you, wo bist du?
[03:51.920]Where are you?
[03:53.040]Exactly.
[03:53.440]Then I'm asking about a location.
[03:55.600]Where are you?
[03:56.240]What's the place where you are?
[03:58.560]But in German if I ask, wohin gehst du?
[04:02.800]So where are you going to?
[04:06.080]We need that to in German or the wohin in German.
[04:09.440]Exactly.
[04:10.000]But in English we can get away with just saying
[04:11.600]where are you going?
[04:12.320]And that's probably where the complication arises.
[04:14.880]I think so, because in English
[04:16.080]you don't make that very distinct difference
[04:18.320]between wo, where and wohin, where to.
[04:21.760]So it's sometimes hard to, I think, understand
[04:23.600]that it's so important in German to separate these two.
[04:27.040]Okay.
[04:27.520]Let's take a look at some examples of talking
[04:29.440]about where particular things are
[04:32.000]or where they're moving towards.
[04:34.720]Gute Idee.
[04:35.520]So das erste Beispiel ist,
[04:37.600]dein Schlüssel liegt auf dem Küchentisch.
[04:41.520]So dein Schlüssel, your key, liegt, literally lies.
[04:46.320]Auf dem Küchentisch, on the kitchen table?
[04:49.840]Perfect.
[04:50.480]Okay.
[04:50.960]So in that situation it's not moving.
[04:52.960]It's not moving towards the kitchen table.
[04:55.280]It's lying on the kitchen table.
[04:57.040]Genau.
[04:57.760]Okay.
[04:58.480]So we're talking about the location here.
[05:00.400]Where is it?
[05:01.120]Where is it right at this moment?
[05:02.960]And you said auf dem Küchentisch.
[05:05.680]Now dem immediately makes me think of a dative.
[05:07.920]Genau.
[05:08.480]Okay.
[05:08.880]Because we said locations always require a dative.
[05:12.000]So because we're talking location,
[05:13.840]we say auf dem Küchentisch.
[05:15.840]And Küchentisch is masculine, so we need dem.
[05:18.640]Yeah.
[05:19.120]Normally the kitchen table would be der Küchentisch.
[05:22.400]Yeah.
[05:22.800]The kitchen table.
[05:23.760]Masculine.
[05:24.480]But this der changes to dem
[05:26.880]because we're using a dative case here.
[05:28.560]Auf dem Küchentisch.
[05:30.560]Richtig.
[05:31.280]If we look at a different example,
[05:32.880]maybe a destination,
[05:33.840]we could also say
[05:34.880]Ich lege die sauberen Klamotten auf das Bett.
[05:40.480]So Klamotten are clothes.
[05:43.600]And sauberen Klamotten are the clean clothes.
[05:46.080]Yeah.
[05:46.400]Yes.
[05:46.640]They've probably just tried
[05:48.080]and now somebody's putting them auf das Bett.
[05:51.440]So when they're getting put on the bed,
[05:53.600]surely that's where they're going to be.
[05:55.440]That's the location.
[05:57.120]Where they are going to be.
[05:58.480]You just said it.
[05:59.280]They're not there yet.
[06:00.320]They're going to be there.
[06:01.760]So there's direction involved.
[06:04.000]So give us the whole sentence again.
[06:05.920]Ich lege die sauberen Klamotten auf das Bett.
[06:10.800]So ich lege die sauberen Klamotten
[06:14.320]so I am putting the clean clothes
[06:17.920]auf das Bett on the bed.
[06:20.800]Genau.
[06:22.640]And it's das Bett.
[06:24.400]And that is accusative.
[06:26.800]Yes.
[06:27.120]So it doesn't change the article.
[06:28.800]For Newton now it's das Bett.
[06:30.880]In the accusative it doesn't change.
[06:32.480]So it stays das Bett.
[06:33.680]And if it were a dative,
[06:35.440]you know,
[06:36.880]if your key was lying on the bed,
[06:39.120]it would be auf dem Bett.
[06:40.800]Genau.
[06:41.360]Okay, right.
[06:42.160]That makes sense.
[06:42.800]So we see how important it is here
[06:44.240]because your article always needs to adjust.
[06:46.320]Yeah.
[06:46.960]The determining is a dative,
[06:48.400]is it a location
[06:49.120]or is it a destination and the accusative.
[06:51.520]So Thomas, I've got a question for you.
[06:54.480]If we said, where is your key?
[06:58.320]Wo ist dein Schlüssel?
[06:59.920]Wo ist dein Schlüssel?
[07:01.360]So in the case of
[07:02.560]where are you putting the clothes?
[07:04.640]Would you use wo hin?
[07:05.760]Genau.
[07:06.320]You can say you can put the hin actually at the end.
[07:08.560]So you can say, wo legst du die Klamotten hin?
[07:11.920]Or you can say, wohin legst du die Klamotten?
[07:14.720]But you need that hin.
[07:15.600]You need the hin.
[07:16.080]Yeah.
[07:16.560]You need the hin because
[07:17.600]there is movement involved.
[07:18.640]There's a change of location and so on.
[07:20.800]Genau.
[07:21.280]Correct.
[07:21.840]Noch ein Beispiel?
[07:22.480]Noch ein Beispiel.
[07:23.280]Ja, alles klar.
[07:25.200]Die Rehe leben im Wald.
[07:29.200]Eine Rehe.
[07:31.040]Is that a deer?
[07:32.080]Ja, sehr gut.
[07:32.640]Right.
[07:32.880]Okay.
[07:33.440]So die Rehe, deer, the plural.
[07:37.040]Or is it singular?
[07:38.320]No, it's a plural verb.
[07:39.520]So die Rehe leben im Wald.
[07:42.960]They live in the forest.
[07:44.720]Genau.
[07:45.120]What do you think?
[07:45.600]A destination or a location?
[07:47.280]That's a location.
[07:49.600]They live in the wood and I'm seeing im Wald,
[07:53.040]which will be like in dem Wald.
[07:55.040]Genau.
[07:55.360]It's another masculine noun, der Wald.
[07:57.360]So again, it changes to dem,
[07:59.040]but our in dem just merges to im.
[08:02.000]Okay.
[08:02.320]So die Rehe leben im Wald.
[08:04.640]So wo leben die Rehe?
[08:07.120]Perfekt, im Wald.
[08:08.800]Yeah.
[08:09.040]Okay, that makes sense.
[08:10.480]Okay, another example
[08:11.920]from the world of forest animals.
[08:14.080]Okay.
[08:14.400]Der Fuchs rennt in seinen Bau unter der Erde.
[08:19.520]Was bedeutet Bau?
[08:22.560]A burrow.
[08:24.080]Oh, right.
[08:26.080]Okay.
[08:26.400]So der Fuchs is the fox.
[08:28.000]Rennt in seinen Bau.
[08:32.480]He runs in his burrow
[08:37.920]under the earth.
[08:39.120]Almost perfect,
[08:40.240]but because we see in seinen Bau
[08:42.800]he's running into his burrow.
[08:44.480]Into, yes.
[08:44.880]Because we have an accusative here.
[08:46.320]Genau.
[08:46.880]So wo hin rennt der Fuchs?
[08:49.520]Yeah.
[08:50.000]So where is the fox running to?
[08:52.160]In seinen Bau, into his burrow.
[08:54.320]Could we have said if the fox
[08:56.400]were running around in his burrow,
[08:59.440]would that be der Fuchs rennt in seinen Bau?
[09:05.680]Yeah.
[09:05.920]And it's just a slight change
[09:07.520]that we say seinen
[09:09.360]for the dative instead of seinen.
[09:11.440]So this one letter makes the difference
[09:12.880]is he's running into his burrow
[09:14.320]or is he running around inside his burrow.
[09:16.720]Yeah.
[09:16.960]I remember in Coffee Break German season two
[09:19.360]where Andrea was always talking about
[09:21.920]dancing around inside a hall
[09:23.440]or dancing into the hall.
[09:24.800]Yes, genau.
[09:26.800]So do check that out
[09:27.840]if you're looking for that.
[09:29.120]We'll put a link in the lesson notes
[09:31.520]for this one.
[09:32.480]Let's do another example.
[09:34.320]Okay.
[09:35.840]Maybe something that's not like
[09:37.920]definitely a location
[09:39.040]like a table or a forest.
[09:40.240]Yeah.
[09:40.320]We could say
[09:41.440]wir treffen uns bei meinen Eltern.
[09:45.200]Wir treffen uns bei meinen Eltern.
[09:50.400]So we'll meet at my parents' house,
[09:54.240]but
[09:55.440]meine, oh, but it's plural there.
[09:57.840]So meinen.
[10:00.400]Is that dative?
[10:01.440]Yeah.
[10:01.920]And you said it right,
[10:02.800]because it's plural.
[10:03.760]We have the en for the dative here.
[10:05.840]So where are we meeting us,
[10:08.560]ourselves?
[10:09.840]Wo treffen wir uns?
[10:11.760]Yeah.
[10:12.080]Genau.
[10:12.400]Perfect.
[10:12.880]Bei meinen Eltern.
[10:14.480]So you can always ask the question
[10:15.920]if it works.
[10:16.480]Like where are we meeting?
[10:18.320]Not where to are we meeting?
[10:20.080]And even so it's
[10:20.880]we are not actually there yet.
[10:22.240]We're still talking about the location
[10:23.760]where something is coming together.
[10:25.600]Where are our meeting places?
[10:27.200]So if it were accusative,
[10:29.200]it would be meine Eltern.
[10:31.600]Ganz genau.
[10:32.080]For example,
[10:32.880]ich sehe meine Eltern.
[10:34.640]Yeah, I see my parents.
[10:36.160]Okay.
[10:36.640]Sehr gut.
[10:38.000]Vielleicht noch ein Beispiel
[10:39.120]für an accusative destination.
[10:41.840]Am Samstag gehen wir auf ein Konzert.
[10:46.320]That feels quite natural
[10:47.520]because we're going to a concert.
[10:49.280]Genau.
[10:49.600]So am Samstag gehen wir auf ein Konzert.
[10:53.040]So that's an accusative there,
[10:54.880]because we're going to that.
[10:56.000]Where are we going to?
[10:57.360]Wohin gehen wir auf ein Konzert?
[10:59.920]Genau.
[11:00.240]Okay, good.
[11:01.360]Do these rules always work?
[11:03.840]Yes.
[11:04.080]So if you talk about a location,
[11:06.320]you have the dative.
[11:07.360]If you talk about a destination,
[11:08.640]you have the accusative.
[11:10.000]However, there are two prepositions
[11:12.800]that are used to talk about destinations.
[11:16.160]Wohin.
[11:16.800]But they still take the dative
[11:18.320]and that's the preposition zu.
[11:20.880]So we say like zu meinen Eltern.
[11:24.400]To my parents.
[11:25.200]So we're talking about the destination,
[11:27.200]but still it's the dative.
[11:28.800]Because zu always, always uses the dative.
[11:31.840]That's good to know.
[11:32.480]Yeah.
[11:33.920]And you said there are two.
[11:34.880]So what's the other one?
[11:35.840]Yes, very good.
[11:36.640]And the other one is nach.
[11:38.960]So nach.
[11:39.520]Does that also use the dative?
[11:40.880]Yes.
[11:41.200]And again, it's only used for destination.
[11:43.280]We've seen it in exams like nach Berlin, nach Spanien.
[11:46.160]However, it's a little bit less important than zu,
[11:48.400]because it's used without an article.
[11:50.400]So you don't need to worry that much.
[11:51.760]Is it the dative?
[11:52.640]Is it the accusative?
[11:53.600]Because you say nach Berlin, nach Spanien,
[11:56.800]but it still uses the dative.
[11:58.320]You just don't really see it,
[11:59.360]because you don't have an article.
[12:00.800]So have I not seen like nach dem something?
[12:04.080]I mean, yes, when you were talking about
[12:06.320]temporal information, so time.
[12:07.600]So if you say nach dem Essen
[12:09.360]or nach dem Aufstehen, so after the meal
[12:12.720]or after getting up.
[12:14.000]And then it uses that dative
[12:15.520]because you see the article,
[12:16.720]but it's not used in the context of a destination.
[12:19.120]Destination.
[12:19.760]Yeah, because nach can mean both to
[12:22.560]in that direction, but also after
[12:24.640]when we're talking about time.
[12:26.240]Okay, let's do a little summary
[12:27.840]of what we've covered today,
[12:28.880]because we've been talking about wo and wohin.
[12:31.920]Two question words, one meaning where
[12:33.760]and the other one meaning where to.
[12:36.000]And in this sense, we need to think about cases.
[12:40.880]Yes, because they really show you what
[12:43.200]or indicate what case do you have to use.
[12:45.760]If it's the location wo,
[12:47.680]you have to use the dative.
[12:49.200]If it's the wohin, where to,
[12:51.280]the destination, then you have to use the accusative.
[13:05.600]We hope that you have enjoyed this lesson.
[13:07.600]It's certainly helped me clarify things
[13:09.680]in my head about datives and accusatives.
[13:12.000]One thing to mention is that
[13:13.360]particularly when we're considering
[13:14.800]the difference between meinen and meinem,
[13:18.320]sometimes it really helps
[13:19.360]to see things written down.
[13:21.440]And funny you should say that, Marc,
[13:22.960]because we've got a blog article
[13:24.480]that will help to explain all of this
[13:26.320]and you'll see the written examples
[13:28.080]on that blog article.
[13:28.960]So do head over to the article
[13:31.200]to find out a little more
[13:32.240]about datives and accusatives
[13:33.760]with wo and wohin.
[13:35.040]And we'll put a link in the description
[13:36.560]of the podcast to help you find that.
[13:38.800]Also, if you would like more help
[13:40.720]with your German and receive regular emails
[13:42.960]about all kinds of topics,
[13:44.800]go and visit coffeebreaklanguages.com
[13:48.320]German and sign up to our weekly emails.
[13:50.640]You will indeed receive an email
[13:52.320]very soon if you do that.
[13:53.600]And you'll be able to do
[13:54.720]a little bit of German learning
[13:56.480]straight out of your inbox.
[13:58.160]For now, that's it.
[13:59.200]But next time we're going to take this
[14:00.400]a little further, aren't we?
[14:01.600]Yes. So today we talked
[14:02.880]about the difference.
[14:04.240]Next week we're talking
[14:05.200]about the different prepositions
[14:06.720]that we use for different places.
[14:08.640]So what do we use
[14:09.600]when we're talking about the sea?
[14:10.880]And what do we use
[14:11.600]if we talk about a concert?
[14:12.720]Because we've seen lots of them,
[14:14.160]but we've literally talked about
[14:15.680]why we use in, auf or an.
[14:18.000]Okay.
[14:18.480]That's next week.
[14:19.200]Sounds good.
[14:19.680]Looking forward to that for now.
[14:20.880]Vielen Dank, Thomas.
[14:21.920]Sehr, sehr gerne.
[14:22.640]Vielen Dank.
[14:23.600]Und bis zum nächsten Mal.
[14:25.040]Happy coffee breaking.
[14:49.680]Rates reserved.